FeSSIF is a complex solution designed to replicate the fed state conditions of the upper small intestine. This state is influenced by meals and affects the gastrointestinal environment. Its components include:
Sodium Taurocholate (15 mM): A bile salt crucial for fat digestion and absorption in the intestine. It aids lipid solubilization and emulsion formation.
Lecithin (3.75 mM): A phospholipid found in cell membranes and bile, functioning as an emulsifier for lipid dispersion.
pH Regulation: FeSSIF maintains a pH of 5.00, reflecting the post-meal upper small intestine pH. This is achieved by using Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) and Glacial Acetic Acid.
Ionic Strength: Sodium Chloride (NaCl) provides the electrolyte content found in intestinal fluid.
Preparation of FeSSIF:
The accurate replication of conditions involves several steps:
Dissolution of Components: Solid components, including NaOH pellets, glacial acetic acid, and NaCl, are dissolved in purified water, forming the "blank FeSSIF."
pH Adjustment: Precise pH adjustment to 5.00 is essential and is achieved using either 1 N NaOH or 1 N HCl.
Active Ingredient Addition: Sodium taurocholate and lecithin are added to the blank FeSSIF. Sodium taurocholate aids lipid solubilization, while lecithin supports lipid emulsification.
Emulsion Formation: A methylene chloride solution containing lecithin is mixed with the FeSSIF components to create an emulsion.
Solvent Removal: Under controlled vacuum conditions (~40°C), methylene chloride is removed, resulting in micelle formation that encapsulates lipids for absorption.
Cooling and Volume Adjustment: The solution is cooled and volume-adjusted using the blank FeSSIF solution.
FeSSIF's meticulous design enables it to mirror the fed state conditions of the upper small intestine accurately, making it an invaluable tool for pharmaceutical and nutritional research.
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Resource Person: Prakash Amate
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