Frequently Used Excipients in Solid Dosage Formulation
Diluent
Calcium carbonate, Calcium phosphate, Dibasic calcium phosphate, Tribasic calcium sulfate cellulose, Microcrystalline cellulose, Dextrates, Dextrin, Dextrose, Excipient, Fructose, Kaolin, Lacitol, Lactose, Mannitol, Sorbitol, Starch, Pregelatinized starch, Sugar, Compressible sugar, Confectioner's sugar etc.
Binder
Acacia, Alginic acid, Carboxymethyl cellulose, Sodium cellulose, Liquid guar gum, Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, Povidone k-30, Pregelatinized starch syrup etc.
Glidant
Calcium silicate, Magnesium silicate, Silicon dioxide, Colloidal talc etc.
Disintegrant
Alginic acid, Cellulose, Microcrystalline cellulose, Croscarmellose sodium, Cross povidone, Sodium starch glycolate, Pregelatinized starch etc.
Lubricant
Calcium stearate, Magnesium stearate, Mineral oil, Light PEG, Purified talc, Vegetable oil, Stearic acid etc.
Coating Agent
Carboxymethyl cellulose, Cellulose acetate, Cellulose acetate pthalate (CAP), Ethyl cellulose, Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose pthalate, Methacrylic acid copolymer, Methyl cellulose, PEG, Polyvinyl acetate, Shellac, Titanium dioxide, Wax, Carnauba wax, Microcrystalline zein etc.
Frequently Used Excipients in Semi-solid Dosage Formulation
Structure forming agents
Cetosteryl alcohol, Sorbitan, Mineral oils etc.
Preservatives
Benzyl alcohol, Sodium benzoate, Methyl paraben, Propyl paraben, Chlorocresol etc.
Antioxidants
Butyl hydroxyl toluene, Butyl hydroxyl anisole, Ascorbic acid etc.
Solubilizers
Lanolin, Cholesterol, Cholesterol esters etc.
Gelling agents
Carbomer, Carboxy methyl cellulose, Hydroxyl propyl cellulose, Xanthan gum etc.
Emollients
Glycerin, Mineral oil, Petrolatum, Isopropyl palmitate etc.
Suppository bases
Cocoa butter, Glycerin, Coconut oil, Gelatin, Hydrogenated vegetable oil, Polyethylene glycol etc.
Frequently Used Excipients in Liquid Dosage Formulation
Solvents
Water, Alcohol, Acetic acid, Acetone, Ethyl acetate, Syrups etc.
Co solvents
Ethanol, Sorbitol, Glycerin, Propylene glycol etc.
Buffers
Phosphate buffers, Acetate buffers, Citric acid phosphate buffers etc.
Antimicrobial preservatives
Benzyl alcohol, Sodium benzoate, Methyl paraben, Propyl paraben, Butyl paraben, Phenol, Thiomersal etc.
Antioxidant
Ascorbic acid, Sodium bisulphate, Thiourea, Butyl hydroxyl toluene (BHT), Tocopherols etc.
Wetting agents
Sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS), Tween 80, Spans, Lecithins etc.
Antifoaming agents
Simethicone, Organic phosphates, Alcohols, Paraffin oils, Glycol etc.
Thickening agents
Methyl cellulose, Hydroxyethyl cellulose, Microcrystalline cellulose etc.
Humectants
Propylene glycol, glycerol, polyethylene glycol etc.
Chelating agents
Disodium EDTA, Dihydroxy ethyl glycine, Citric acid, Tartaric acid etc.
Emulsifying agents
Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), Cetrimide, Macrogol esters, Sorbitan esters etc.
Flocculating agents
Starch, Sodium alginate, Carbomer etc.
Sweetening agents
Sucrose, Sorbitol, Saccharin, Aspartame, Sucralose etc.
Frequently Used Excipients in Ophthalmic Preparation
Vehicles
Water for injections, Boric acid vehicle, Special boric acid vehicle, Isotonic phosphate vehicle etc.
Buffering Agents
Boric acid, Sodium acid phosphate, Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate Dodecahydrate, Sodium citrate, Potassium chloride and Sodium carbonate etc.
Tonicity Agents
Sodium chloride, Potassium chloride, Mannitol etc.
Preservative
Phenylmercuric nitrate, Benzalkonium chloride, Chlorhexidine acetate, Hydroxybenzoates, Chlorocresol, Chlorbutol, Thiomersal, Sodium perborate etc.
Reducing Agents
Sodium metabisulphite, Sodium thiosulphate etc.
Anti-oxidants
Ascorbic acid, Butylated Hydroxyanisole, Butylated Hydroxytoluene, Sodium thiosulphate pentahydrate etc.
Sequestering Agents
Disodium edetate, Sodium citrate etc.
Dissolution Enhancer
Povidone, Macrogol 15 hydroxystearate, Cyclodextrin etc.
Viscosity Enhancer
Polyvinyl alcohol, Methyl cellulose, Bentonite etc.
Suspending Agents
Bentonite, Carbomer, Methyl cellulose etc.
Frequently Used Excipients in Injectable Preparation
- Alcohol
- Aluminum Phosphate Adjuvant
- Butylene Glycol
- Calcium Acetate
- Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium
- Chlorocresol
- Citric acid Monohydrate
- Dextrose Monohydrate
- Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate Dodecahydrate
- HCl 37%
- Mannitol
- Sodium Carbonate
- Sodium Chloride
- Sodium Citrate
- Sodium Hyaluronate
- Sodium Metabisulfite
- Sodium Phosphate
- Sodium Sulfite
- Sorbitol
- Thimerosal
- WFI
